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==Common Alteration Types==

==Common Alteration Types==

The translocation involving PML and RARA are found in more than 90% of cases of APL. Other fusion partners to RARA found in APL include PZLF, NPM1, NUMA1, STAT5B and BCOR. These rarer fusion genes account for around 5% of the total found in APL.  Patients with these different fusion genes show different clinical responses to ATRA treatment.  PZLF-RARA and STAT5b-RARA cases were refractory to ATRA, whereas NPM-RARA and NuMA-RARA were reported to be responsive. BCOR-RARA was also responsive to ATRA but carries a higher risk of relapse [4]

The translocation involving ''PML'' and ''RARA'' are found in more than 90% of cases of APL. Other fusion partners to ''RARA'' found in APL include ''PZLF'', ''NPM1'', ''NUMA1'', ''STAT5B'' and ''BCOR''. These rarer fusion genes account for around 5% of the total found in APL.  Patients with these different fusion genes show different clinical responses to ATRA treatment.  PZLF-RARA and STAT5b-RARA cases were refractory to ATRA, whereas NPM-RARA and NuMA-RARA were reported to be responsive. BCOR-RARA was also responsive to ATRA but carries a higher risk of relapse [4].

{| class="wikitable sortable"

{| class="wikitable sortable"

! Copy Number Loss  !! Copy Number Gain  !!  LOH  !!  Loss-of-Function Mutation  !!  Gain-of-Function Mutation  !!  Translocation/Fusion  

! Copy Number Loss  !! Copy Number Gain  !!  LOH  !!  Loss-of-Function Mutation  !!  Gain-of-Function Mutation  !!  Translocation/Fusion  

|-

|-

|  || ||  || X ||  ||  X

|  || ||  || ||  ||  X

|}

|}