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→Gene Overview
==Gene Overview==
==Gene Overview==
The function of the normal ''BCR'' gene product is as a GTPase-activating protein for RAC1 and CDC42. ''BCR'' promotes the exchange of RAC or CDC42-bound GDP by GTP, thereby activating them. The protein has serine/threonine kinase activity [9]. By far the most prevalent ''BCR'' alteration associated with cancer are the fusions of the ''ABL1'' gene with a number of partners, but especially with the ''BCR'' gene in CML [1,2] and to a lesser extent in B-ALL and T-ALL.
The function of the normal ''BCR'' gene product is as a GTPase-activating protein for ''RAC1'' and ''CDC42''. ''BCR'' promotes the exchange of RAC or CDC42-bound GDP by GTP, thereby activating them. The protein has serine/threonine kinase activity [9]. By far the most prevalent ''BCR'' alteration associated with cancer are the fusions of the ''ABL1'' gene with a number of partners, but especially with the ''BCR'' gene in CML [1,2] and to a lesser extent in B-ALL and T-ALL.
The head to tail arrangement of the BCR-ABL1 fusion gene results in an activated tyrosine kinase activity [6]. It appears that the N-terminal domain of ''BCR'' can cause oligomerization of the BCR-ABL1 protein product, thus activating the ''ABL1'' tyrosine kinase domain of the fusion protein [6,10,11].
The head to tail arrangement of the BCR-ABL1 fusion gene results in an activated tyrosine kinase activity [6]. It appears that the N-terminal domain of ''BCR'' can cause oligomerization of the BCR-ABL1 protein product, thus activating the ''ABL1'' tyrosine kinase domain of the fusion protein [6,10,11].