Chromophobe renal cell carcinoma

Contributors

Daynna Wolff PhD FACMG Yajuan Liu, PhD Rajyasree Emmadi, MD Banumathy Gowrishankar, PhD Jane Houldsworth, PhD

Tumor Type

Renal Cell Carcinoma

Tumor Classification

Chromophobe Renal Cell Carcinoma

Description

Chromophobe Renal Cell Carcinoma derives from the intercalated cells of the collecting duct epithelium and accounts for ~5% of renal tumors (Diaz JI, Mora LB, Hakam A. The Mainz Classification of Renal Cell Tumors. Cancer Control. 1999 Nov;6(6):571-579).

IHC Markers

Positive: CD10 , CD117, E-cadherin, EMA, CK7, PAX8, PAX2, AMACR.

Negative: vimentin, RCC, CA-IX.

Genomic Gain/Loss/LOH

Chromosome	Gain/Loss/Amp	Region
1	Loss	Chr1
2	Loss	Chr2
6	Loss	Chr6
10	Loss	Chr10
13	Loss	Chr13
17	Loss	Chr17
21	Loss	Chr21

Rearrangements

TERT (upstream) (5p15) (12%)

Mutations (SNV/INDEL)

Mutated in 10-20%

TP53

Mutated in 5-10%

VHL, PTEN

Mutated in 2-5%

KMT2D, KMT2C, TERT, MET, ARID1A, FAAH2, PDHB, PDXDC1, ZNF765

Epigenomics (methylation)

epigenetic silencing of CDKN2A

Diagnosis

Overall loss of whole chormosomes, in particular of chromosomes 1, 2, 6, 10, 13, 17, and 21, eosinophilic variant is mostly diploid

Prognosis

Overall low risk of tumor progression, metastasis, and disease-specific death

Familial Forms

Birt-Hogg-Dube syndrome (BHD): FLCN (17p11.2)

References

1. Speicher MR, Schoell B, du Manoir S, Schröck E, Ried T, Cremer T, Störkel S, Kovacs A, Kovacs G. Specific loss of chromosomes 1, 2, 6, 10, 13, 17, and 21 in chromophobe renal cell carcinomas revealed by comparative genomic hybridization. Am J Pathol. 1994 Aug;145(2):356-64.

2. Davis CF, Ricketts CJ, Wang M, Yang L, Cherniack AD, Shen H, Buhay C, Kang H, Kim SC, Fahey CC, Hacker KE, Bhanot G, Gordenin DA, Chu A, Gunaratne PH, Biehl M, Seth S, Kaipparettu BA, Bristow CA, Donehower LA, Wallen EM, Smith AB, Tickoo SK, Tamboli P, Reuter V, Schmidt LS, Hsieh JJ, Choueiri TK, Hakimi AA; Cancer Genome Atlas Research Network, Chin L, Meyerson M, Kucherlapati R, Park WY, Robertson AG, Laird PW, Henske EP, Kwiatkowski DJ, Park PJ, Morgan M, Shuch B, Muzny D, Wheeler DA, Linehan WM, Gibbs RA, Rathmell WK, Creighton CJ. The somatic genomic landscape of chromophobe renal cell carcinoma. Cancer Cell. 2014 Sep 8;26(3):319-30.

3. Durinck S, Stawiski EW, Pavía-Jiménez A, Modrusan Z, Kapur P, Jaiswal BS, Zhang N, Toffessi-Tcheuyap V, Nguyen TT, Pahuja KB, Chen YJ, Saleem S, Chaudhuri S, Heldens S, Jackson M, Peña-Llopis S, Guillory J, Toy K, Ha C, Harris CJ, Holloman E, Hill HM, Stinson J, Rivers CS, Janakiraman V, Wang W, Kinch LN, Grishin NV, Haverty PM, Chow B, Gehring JS, Reeder J, Pau G, Wu TD, Margulis V, Lotan Y, Sagalowsky A, Pedrosa I, de Sauvage FJ, Brugarolas J, Seshagiri S. Spectrum of diverse genomic alterations define non-clear cell renal carcinoma subtypes. Nat Genet. 2015 Jan;47(1):13-21.